"zdumieć" meaning in All languages combined

See zdumieć on Wiktionary

Verb [Polish]

IPA: /ˈzdu.mjɛt͡ɕ/
Rhymes: -umjɛt͡ɕ Etymology: Inherited from Old Polish zumieć się. By surface analysis, z- + umieć. The epenthetic d was inserted under influence of dumać and words such as zdrój or zdrada. Etymology templates: {{dercat|pl|sla-pro|inh=1}}, {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|pl|zlw-opl|zumieć|zumieć się||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Old Polish zumieć się, {{inh+|pl|zlw-opl|zumieć|alt=zumieć się}} Inherited from Old Polish zumieć się, {{surf|pl|z-|umieć}} By surface analysis, z- + umieć Head templates: {{pl-verb|pf|impf=zdumiewać}} zdumieć pf (imperfective zdumiewać) Inflection templates: {{pl-conj-ap-eję|zdumi|pp}}, {{pl-conj-ap|zdumieć|zdumieję|zdumieje|zdumieją|zdumia|zdumia|zdumie|zdumiej|ap=zdumiawszy|ip=zdumiano|pp=zdumian|pp2=zdumiani|vn=zdumienie}} Forms: zdumiewać [imperfective], perfective [table-tags], zdumieć [infinitive], zdumieję [future, singular], zdumiejemy [future, plural], zdumiejesz [future, singular], zdumiejecie [future, plural], zdumieje [future, singular, third-person], zdumieją [future, plural, third-person], zdumieje się [future, impersonal], zdumiałem [masculine, past, singular], -(e)m zdumiał [masculine, past, singular], zdumiałam [feminine, past, singular], -(e)m zdumiała [feminine, past, singular], zdumiałom [neuter, past, singular], -(e)m zdumiało [neuter, past, singular], zdumieliśmy [past, plural, virile], -(e)śmy zdumieli [past, plural, virile], zdumiałyśmy [nonvirile, past, plural], -(e)śmy zdumiały [nonvirile, past, plural], zdumiałeś [masculine, past, singular], -(e)ś zdumiał [masculine, past, singular], zdumiałaś [feminine, past, singular], -(e)ś zdumiała [feminine, past, singular], zdumiałoś [neuter, past, singular], -(e)ś zdumiało [neuter, past, singular], zdumieliście [past, plural, virile], -(e)ście zdumieli [past, plural, virile], zdumiałyście [nonvirile, past, plural], -(e)ście zdumiały [nonvirile, past, plural], zdumiał [masculine, past, singular, third-person], zdumiała [feminine, past, singular, third-person], zdumiało [neuter, past, singular, third-person], zdumieli [past, plural, third-person, virile], zdumiały [nonvirile, past, plural, third-person], zdumiano [impersonal, past], zdumiałbym [conditional, masculine, singular], bym zdumiał [conditional, masculine, singular], zdumiałabym [conditional, feminine, singular], bym zdumiała [conditional, feminine, singular], zdumiałobym [conditional, neuter, singular], bym zdumiało [conditional, neuter, singular], zdumielibyśmy [conditional, plural, virile], byśmy zdumieli [conditional, plural, virile], zdumiałybyśmy [conditional, nonvirile, plural], byśmy zdumiały [conditional, nonvirile, plural], zdumiałbyś [conditional, masculine, singular], byś zdumiał [conditional, masculine, singular], zdumiałabyś [conditional, feminine, singular], byś zdumiała [conditional, feminine, singular], zdumiałobyś [conditional, neuter, singular], byś zdumiało [conditional, neuter, singular], zdumielibyście [conditional, plural, virile], byście zdumieli [conditional, plural, virile], zdumiałybyście [conditional, nonvirile, plural], byście zdumiały [conditional, nonvirile, plural], zdumiałby [conditional, masculine, singular, third-person], by zdumiał [conditional, masculine, singular, third-person], zdumiałaby [conditional, feminine, singular, third-person], by zdumiała [conditional, feminine, singular, third-person], zdumiałoby [conditional, neuter, singular, third-person], by zdumiało [conditional, neuter, singular, third-person], zdumieliby [conditional, plural, third-person, virile], by zdumieli [conditional, plural, third-person, virile], zdumiałyby [conditional, nonvirile, plural, third-person], by zdumiały [conditional, nonvirile, plural, third-person], zdumiano by [conditional, impersonal], niech zdumieję [imperative, singular], zdumiejmy [imperative, plural], zdumiej [imperative, singular], zdumiejcie [imperative, plural], niech zdumieje [imperative, singular, third-person], niech zdumieją [imperative, plural, third-person], zdumiany [adjectival, masculine, participle, passive, singular], zdumiana [adjectival, feminine, participle, passive, singular], zdumiane [adjectival, neuter, participle, passive, singular], zdumiani [adjectival, participle, passive, plural, virile], zdumiane [adjectival, nonvirile, participle, passive, plural], zdumiawszy [adverbial, anterior, participle], zdumienie [noun-from-verb]
  1. (transitive) to astonish, to amaze Tags: perfective, transitive Categories (topical): Emotions
    Sense id: en-zdumieć-pl-verb-HQoN4sWn Disambiguation of Emotions: 100 0 Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Polish entries with incorrect language header, Polish terms prefixed with z- Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 56 44 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 78 22 Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 76 24 Disambiguation of Polish terms prefixed with z-: 51 49
  2. (reflexive with się) to be astonished, to be amazed [with instrumental ‘by/at something’] Tags: perfective, reflexive
    Sense id: en-zdumieć-pl-verb-ev6qZ1ob Categories (other): Polish terms prefixed with z- Disambiguation of Polish terms prefixed with z-: 51 49
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: zdumiony, zdumienie Related terms: zdumiewający, zdumiewająco

Inflected forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "zdumiony"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "zdumienie"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "zumieć",
        "4": "zumieć się",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Polish zumieć się",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "zumieć",
        "alt": "zumieć się"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish zumieć się",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "z-",
        "3": "umieć"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, z- + umieć",
      "name": "surf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish zumieć się. By surface analysis, z- + umieć. The epenthetic d was inserted under influence of dumać and words such as zdrój or zdrada.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "zdumiewać",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perfective",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-conj-ap-eję",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumieć",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumieję",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiejemy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiejesz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiejecie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumieje",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumieją",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumieje się",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "impersonal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m zdumiał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m zdumiała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałom",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m zdumiało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumieliśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)śmy zdumieli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)śmy zdumiały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałeś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś zdumiał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałaś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś zdumiała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałoś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś zdumiało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumieliście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ście zdumieli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ście zdumiały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumieli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "impersonal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałbym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym zdumiał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałabym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym zdumiała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałobym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym zdumiało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumielibyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byśmy zdumieli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałybyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byśmy zdumiały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałbyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś zdumiał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałabyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś zdumiała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałobyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś zdumiało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumielibyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byście zdumieli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałybyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byście zdumiały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by zdumiał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałaby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by zdumiała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałoby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by zdumiało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumieliby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by zdumieli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałyby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by zdumiały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiano by",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "impersonal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech zdumieję",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiejmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiej",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiejcie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech zdumieje",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech zdumieją",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiany",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiana",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiane",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "neuter",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiani",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiane",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "nonvirile",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiawszy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "anterior",
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumienie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pf",
        "impf": "zdumiewać"
      },
      "expansion": "zdumieć pf (imperfective zdumiewać)",
      "name": "pl-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "zdu‧mieć"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zdumi",
        "2": "pp"
      },
      "name": "pl-conj-ap-eję"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zdumieć",
        "2": "zdumieję",
        "3": "zdumieje",
        "4": "zdumieją",
        "5": "zdumia",
        "6": "zdumia",
        "7": "zdumie",
        "8": "zdumiej",
        "ap": "zdumiawszy",
        "ip": "zdumiano",
        "pp": "zdumian",
        "pp2": "zdumiani",
        "vn": "zdumienie"
      },
      "name": "pl-conj-ap"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "zdumiewający"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "zdumiewająco"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "56 44",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "78 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "76 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "51 49",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish terms prefixed with z-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "100 0",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Emotions",
          "orig": "pl:Emotions",
          "parents": [
            "Mind",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to astonish, to amaze"
      ],
      "id": "en-zdumieć-pl-verb-HQoN4sWn",
      "links": [
        [
          "astonish",
          "astonish"
        ],
        [
          "amaze",
          "amaze"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to astonish, to amaze"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "perfective",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "51 49",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish terms prefixed with z-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to be astonished, to be amazed"
      ],
      "id": "en-zdumieć-pl-verb-ev6qZ1ob",
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "ins<by/at something>"
          },
          "expansion": "[with instrumental ‘by/at something’]",
          "extra_data": {
            "words": [
              "instrumental",
              "‘by/at",
              "something’"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "się",
          "się#Polish"
        ],
        [
          "astonish",
          "astonish"
        ],
        [
          "amaze",
          "amaze"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive with się) to be astonished, to be amazed [with instrumental ‘by/at something’]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with się"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "perfective",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈzdu.mjɛt͡ɕ/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-umjɛt͡ɕ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "zdumieć"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Polish 2-syllable words",
    "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Polish lemmas",
    "Polish perfective verbs",
    "Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
    "Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
    "Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
    "Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
    "Polish terms prefixed with z-",
    "Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
    "Polish verbs",
    "Rhymes:Polish/umjɛt͡ɕ",
    "Rhymes:Polish/umjɛt͡ɕ/2 syllables",
    "pl:Emotions"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "zdumiony"
    },
    {
      "word": "zdumienie"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "zumieć",
        "4": "zumieć się",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Polish zumieć się",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "zumieć",
        "alt": "zumieć się"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish zumieć się",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "z-",
        "3": "umieć"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, z- + umieć",
      "name": "surf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish zumieć się. By surface analysis, z- + umieć. The epenthetic d was inserted under influence of dumać and words such as zdrój or zdrada.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "zdumiewać",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perfective",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-conj-ap-eję",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumieć",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumieję",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiejemy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiejesz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiejecie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumieje",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumieją",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumieje się",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "impersonal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m zdumiał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m zdumiała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałom",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m zdumiało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumieliśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)śmy zdumieli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)śmy zdumiały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałeś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś zdumiał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałaś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś zdumiała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałoś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś zdumiało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumieliście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ście zdumieli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ście zdumiały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumieli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "impersonal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałbym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym zdumiał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałabym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym zdumiała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałobym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym zdumiało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumielibyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byśmy zdumieli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałybyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byśmy zdumiały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałbyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś zdumiał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałabyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś zdumiała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałobyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś zdumiało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumielibyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byście zdumieli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałybyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byście zdumiały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by zdumiał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałaby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by zdumiała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałoby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by zdumiało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumieliby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by zdumieli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałyby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by zdumiały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiano by",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "impersonal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech zdumieję",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiejmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiej",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiejcie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech zdumieje",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech zdumieją",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiany",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiana",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiane",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "neuter",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiani",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiane",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "nonvirile",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiawszy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "anterior",
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumienie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pf",
        "impf": "zdumiewać"
      },
      "expansion": "zdumieć pf (imperfective zdumiewać)",
      "name": "pl-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "zdu‧mieć"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zdumi",
        "2": "pp"
      },
      "name": "pl-conj-ap-eję"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zdumieć",
        "2": "zdumieję",
        "3": "zdumieje",
        "4": "zdumieją",
        "5": "zdumia",
        "6": "zdumia",
        "7": "zdumie",
        "8": "zdumiej",
        "ap": "zdumiawszy",
        "ip": "zdumiano",
        "pp": "zdumian",
        "pp2": "zdumiani",
        "vn": "zdumienie"
      },
      "name": "pl-conj-ap"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "zdumiewający"
    },
    {
      "word": "zdumiewająco"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to astonish, to amaze"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "astonish",
          "astonish"
        ],
        [
          "amaze",
          "amaze"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to astonish, to amaze"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "perfective",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish reflexive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to be astonished, to be amazed"
      ],
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "ins<by/at something>"
          },
          "expansion": "[with instrumental ‘by/at something’]",
          "extra_data": {
            "words": [
              "instrumental",
              "‘by/at",
              "something’"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "się",
          "się#Polish"
        ],
        [
          "astonish",
          "astonish"
        ],
        [
          "amaze",
          "amaze"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive with się) to be astonished, to be amazed [with instrumental ‘by/at something’]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with się"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "perfective",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈzdu.mjɛt͡ɕ/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-umjɛt͡ɕ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "zdumieć"
}

Download raw JSONL data for zdumieć meaning in All languages combined (10.7kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.